Answer key:
2020 previous year question papers
2019 previous year question papers
2018 Previous year question papers
2017 Previous year question papers
Important question:
1.Which method of hand-printing was developed inChina ?[1]
OR
Who wrote the novel ‘Oliver Twist’ ?
Answer : From AD 594 books in China were printed by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks.
OR
Answer : Charles Dickens wrote the novel ‘Oliver Twist’.
2.What is the most common indicator for measuring economic development of a country ?[1]
Answer : Income is the most common indicator.
3.What measure was adopted by the democratically elected government of Sri Lanka to establish Sinhala Supremacy ? [1]
Answer : In 1956, an Act was passed to make Sinhala the official language. The government followed preferential policies favouring Sinhala applicants for University positions and government jobs.
4.Much of the official work in Indian States is done in which language ? [1]
Answer : Much of the official work in Indian States is done in the official language of the concerned state.
5.Who are represented by the term ‘African American’ ?
Answer : African-Americans or the Blacks is the name given to the descendants of Africans who were brought into America as slaves between 17th century and early 19th century.
6.What is the advantage of per capita income ?Mention any one.[1]
Answer : Per capita income helps to compare the development of countries as it tells us whether people in one country are better off than others in a different country.
7.Name the sector which continued to be the largest employer even in the year 2000.[1]
Answer : The primary sector continued to be the largest employer even in the year 2000.
8.What do final goods and services mean ?[1]
Answer : The various production activities in the primary, secondary and tertiary sector produce large number of goods and services for consumption and investment are final goods and services.
9.“The silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world.” Explain how.[3]
OR
Describe any three main reasons for the decline of textile exports from India in the 19th century.[3]
OR
How did the development or expansion of Bombay (Mumbai) differ from London ? State any three points of difference between the two.[3]
Answer : “The silk routes are a good example of vibrant pre-modern trade and cultural links between distant parts of the world.” This can be justified through the following points :
(i)The routes on which cargoes carried Chinese silk to the west were known as, Silk routes. Historians have discovered several silk routes over land and by sea, covering vast regions of Asia and connecting Asia with Europe and Northern Africa.
(ii)Even pottery from China, textile and spices from India and South Asia also travelled the same route. In return, precious metals like gold and silver flowed from Europe to Asia.
(iii)Culturally, Buddhism emerged from Eastern India and spread in several directions through the silk route.Thus, silk route not only played a major role in linking distant parts of the world but also helped in the promotion of trade.
OR
Answer : Three main reasons for the decline of textile exports from India in the 19th century, are :
(i)As cotton industries developed in England, industrial groups began to pressurise the Government to impose import duties on cotton textiles so that Manchester goods could sell in Britain without facing any competition from outside.
(ii)At the same time industrialists persuaded the East India Company to sell British manufactures in Indian market as well. Exports of British cotton goods increased dramatically in the early 19th century.
(iii)The export market for the Indian cotton weavers collapsed and the local market shrank, being glutted with Manchester imports. The imported cotton goods were cheap and Indian weavers could not compete with them.
OR
Answer : Difference between the expansion of Bombay and London :
(i)T own planning in London emerged from fears of social revolution and planning in Bombay came about as a result of fears about the plague epidemic.
(ii)Bombay was a crowded city. Every Londoner in 1840s enjoyed an average space of 155 square yards while Bombay had a mere 9.5 square yards. By 1872 when London had an average of 8 persons per house, the density of Bombay was as high as 20.
(iii) The city of Bombay began to develop along with the development of trade in agricultural goods whereas London began to develop after the industrial revolution.
10.What attracted the Europeans to Africa ? Give any three reasons.
OR
Explain the role played by advertisements in creating new consumers for the British products.[3]
OR
How did air pollution become a nuisance for the Londoners ? What steps were taken to solve the problem ?
Answer :(i)Vast resources of land and minerals : In the late 19th century, Europeans were attracted to Africa due to its vast resource of land and minerals.
(ii)Establishment of plants and mines : Europeans came to Africa hoping to establish plantations and mines to produce crops and minerals for export to Europe.
(iii)Destruction of cattle disease : The loss of cattle disease destroyed African livelihoods. Planters, mine owners and colonial governments now successfully monopolised what scare cattle resources remained to force Africans into the labour market.
OR
Answer : Role played by advertisements in creating new consumers for the British products :
(i)When Manchester industrialists began selling clothin India, they put labels on the cloth bundles to make the place of manufacture and the name of the company familiar to the buyer.
(ii)When buyers saw ‘Made in Machester’, written in bold on the label they felt confident to buy the cloth.
(iii)But labels did not carry words and texts. They carried images and were beautifully illustrated with images of Indian gods and goddesses. The printed image of Krishna or Saraswati was also intended to make the manufacture from a foreign land, appear familiar to Indians.
OR
Answer : The congestion in the 19th century industrial city of London led a yearning for clean country air. Demands were made for new ‘lungs’ for the city and some attempts were made to bridge the difference between the city and the countryside through a Green Belt around London.
Steps taken to solve the problem :
(i)Attempts were made to decongest localities, green the open spaces, reduce pollution and landscape the city.
(ii)Architect and planner, Ebenezer Howard developed the principle of thee ‘Garden City’, a pleasant space full plants and trees, where people would both live and work.
0 Comments