Chapter wise important questions in Resources and development

Chapter wise important questions in Resources and development

sms (smart studies ) November 24, 2020

 

Part 2

 

Resources and development

NCERT Hindi Book explanation in English and tamil 

NCERT solutions Hindi सूरदास


 

Chapter wise important questions

Multiple Choice Questions 

1.In which of the following state is the black soil found?(a)Jammu and Kashmir (b)Gujarat 

(c)Rajasthan 

(d)Jharkhand[NCERT] 

Ans.(b)Gujarat 

Explanation:Black soil is mainly found in Gujarat and Maharashtra states of India. This soil is considered good for the cotton crop and so is known as ‘black cotton soil’ or ‘regur soil’. Related Theory¬Black soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over northwest Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows. Black soils are wellȹknown for their capacity to hold moisture. 

2.Which of the following is not a measure to reduce soil erosion? 

(a)Creating deep channels (gullies) 

(b)Contour ploughing 

(c)Strip cropping 

(d)Planting of shelter belts 

Ans.(a)Creating deep channels (gullies) 

Explanation: Gullies make it easy for the soil to get eroded by running water which result in a bad land topography known as ravines. Chambal river basin in Madhya Pradesh is famous for such ravines or bad lands. 

Related Theory: Contour ploughing (ploughing along contour lines and steps on a slope helps to decelerate flow of water down the hill/mountain, therby reducing soil erosion by water). 

 Strip cropping (letting strips of grass grow between crops to break the flow of air which in turn reduces soil erosion by wind).

Growing Shelter beds (continuous line of trees to around an otherwise barren land, to hold the soil from being blown away via winds also help save soil from being eroded by water.) are all ways which help prevent Soil Erosion.

Denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion. 

3.Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put? 

(a)Replenishable 

 (b)Abiotic 

(c)Human-made

 (d)Non-recyclable

Ans.(a)Replenishable 

Explanation:Replenishable resources are also known as renewable resources. Solar energy, wind energy, water, thermal and tidal energy are the examples of replenishable resources. 

Related Theory: Abiotic: These are the type of resources that are derived from nonliving things in the environment such as sunlight, air, etc.

Human-made: These are also known as capital resources which are created by humans such as money , infrastructure etc.¬Non-recyclable:These resources are those substances which cannot be used again in any form. 

4.The Rio Convention endorsed the Global Forest Principles and adopted which of the following for achieving Sustainable Development in the 21st century?

 (a)Agenda 21

 (b)Agenda 22 

(c)Agenda 20 

(d)Agenda 25 

Ans.(a)Agenda 21

 Explanation:Agenda 21 aims at achieving global sustainable development. It is an agenda to combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global cooperation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities. 

Related Theory:One major objective of the Agenda 21 is that every local government should draw its own local Agenda 21.

 5.Which of the following book includes ‘Gandhian Philosophy’ on conservation of resources?

(a)Small is Beautiful

(b)Our Common Future 

(c)Both (a) and (b)  

(d)None of these

Ans.(a)Small is Beautiful

Explanation:In 1974, Gandhian philosophy was presented by Schumacher in his book ‘Small is Beautiful.’

 Related Theory: Gandhiji was very apt in voicing his concern about resource conservation in his words: “There is enough for everybody’s need and not for any body’s greed. He was against mass production and wanted to replace it with production by the masses. 

6.In which of the following states is the terrace cultivation practiced? 

(a)Punjab

(b)Haryana

(c)Plains of Uttar Pradesh 

(d)Uttarakhand [NCERT] 

Ans.(d) Uttarakhand 

Explanation:In hilly areas, steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces on which terrace cultivation is practiced. Terrace cultivation restricts soil erosion in hilly areas such as Uttarakhand.  

7.Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised are called ..................... .

(a)Potential

(b)Developed 

(c)Stock

(d)Reserve

Ans.(a)Potential 

Explanation: Resources which are found in a region but have not been utilised to their full capacity are called potential resources. For example, Rajasthan and Gujarat have huge potential for the development of wind and solar energy, but so far these have not been developed properly. 

Related Theory:Resources surveyed and determined for utilisation are called Developed  resources. Development of resources depends upon the technology being used to determine and exhaust their Ɗuantity and Ɗuality.

 Useful resources which are not being used to their complete capacity due to lack of technology are called Stock. For example, hydel energy in most countries. 

Reserves are subsets of the stock, which can be used with the help of existing technical ‘knowȹhow’. Their use has not yet begun. For example, energy of water stored in dams.

8.The village of Sukhomajri and the district of Jhabua have shown that it is possible: 

(a)To reverse land degradation

(b)To reverse economic prosperity

(c)To reserve water  

(d)All of these 

Ans.(a)To reverse land degradation 

Explanation:People’s management is essential for ecological restoration. For example, tree density in Sukhomajri increased from 13 per hectare in 1976 to 1272 per hectare in 1992. 

Related Theory:Sukhomajri village is located in Madhya Pradesh.  

9.Which of the following soils are more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai?

(a)Black soil

(b)Alluvial soil 

(c)Laterite soil 

(d)None of these 

Ans.(b)Alluvial Soil 

10.In which of the following state deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation?

(a)Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh

(b)Gujarat, Rajasthan, Odisha 

(c)Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh

(d)All of these 

Ans.(d)All of these  

11.Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises. Which of the following is NOT associated to this statement? 

(a)Global warming 

(b)Ozone layer maintenance 

(c)Environmental pollution  

(d)Land degradation 

Ans.(b)Ozone layer maintenance 

12.Choose the feature which is NOT associated with Arid soils:

(a)These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks

(b)In some areas the salt content is very high and common salt is obtained from these soils 

(c)The lower horizon of the soil is occupied by Kankar nodules 

(d)These soils become cultivable after proper irrigation. 

Ans.(a)These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks

Correct & Rewrite/ True-False :

 13.Which one of the following is an example of Cultivable Wasteland? 

(a)Gross cropped Area

(b)Uncultivable Land

 (c)Barren Wasteland 

(d)Current fallow Land 

Ans.(b) Uncultivable Land.[CBSE Marking Scheme 2019]

14. Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation are called potential resources. State whether the statement is True or False. If false, correct the statement. 

Ans.False.Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation are called developed resources. 

Related Theory:Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised are called Potential resources. 

 

15.Forest area in the country is far better than the desired 33 percent of geographical area.

 Ans.Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired 33 percent of geographical area. 

16.The black soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.  

Ans.The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay. 

Fill in the Blanks Fill in the blanks/tables with suitable information: 

17.Resource on the basis of exhaustibility Resource Examples/Type 

(a) .........................Solar and wind energy 

(b) .........................Mineral and fossil fuels[CBSE 2020] 

Ans.(a)Renewable resources (b)Non Renewable resources 

Explanation: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. For example, solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc Resources which get exhausted with use, can not be reproduced or rejuvenated and take millions of years to form are called non-renewable resources. For example, minerals and fossil fuels. 

18.Sustainable development encourages usage of.................... energy resources.

 Ans.Renewable 

Explanation:Sustainable Development entails that development should take place without damaging the environment, and development in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generations. It encourages usage of resources which are renewable and can be replenished easily for future generations against the usage of non-renewable finite resources which might just finish up, stunting the development of our generation and others to come. 

19.The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels. This is called ........................... .[NCERT] 

Ans.Gully erosion

 

NCERT Hindi Book explanation in English and tamil 

NCERT solutions Hindi सूरदास


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